![]() ![]() Dole declared Hawaii an independent republic. Stevens, worked closely with the new government.ĭole sent a delegation to Washington in 1894 seeking annexation, but the new President, Grover Cleveland, opposed annexation and tried to restore the Queen. The administration of President Benjamin Harrison encouraged the takeover, and dispatched sailors from the USS Boston to the islands to surround the royal palace. The planters' belief that a coup and annexation by the United States would remove the threat of a devastating tariff on their sugar also spurred them to action. When Queen Liliuokalani moved to establish a stronger monarchy, Americans under the leadership of Samuel Dole deposed her in 1893. sugar plantation owners from the United States came to dominate the economy and politics of the islands. An 1875 trade reciprocity treaty further linked the two countries and U.S. In 1849, the United States and Hawaii concluded a treaty of friendship that served as the basis of official relations between the parties.Ī key provisioning spot for American whaling ships, fertile ground for American protestant missionaries, and a new source of sugar cane production, Hawaii's economy became increasingly integrated with the United States. He also proposed to Great Britain and France that no nation should seek special privileges or engage in further colonization of the islands. interests in Hawaii and opposing annexation by any other nation. In 1842, Secretary of State Daniel Webster sent a letter to Hawaiian agents in Washington affirming U.S. During the 1830s, Britain and France forced Hawaii to accept treaties giving them economic privileges. For most of the 1800s, leaders in Washington were concerned that Hawaii might become part of a European nation's empire. territory into the Pacific and highlighted resulted from economic integration and the rise of the United States as a Pacific power. Diplomatic History > 1866-1898 Annexation of Hawaii, 1898Īmerica's annexation of Hawaii in 1898 extended U.S. "The campaign is over," Rick Scott told his cheering supporters on Tuesday night, after receiving a concession call from Charlie Crist.You are in: Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs > Bureau of Public Affairs > Bureau of Public Affairs: Office of the Historian > Timeline of U.S. But his political future is uncertain, although no one will be surprised to see Crist look at another political bid - since he has spent most of his adult life in the political world. He seems comfortable in the Democratic Party. Crist ran a very credible campaign and nearly succeeded against a better-financed opponent. The former Republican governor turned Democrat is now a dreaded "three-time loser" in statewide races. But in the end his well-financed, disciplined campaign succeeded narrowly against an opponent with more political experience and skills.Ĭharlie Crist. His unfavorability ratings with voters have always hovered over 40 percent and he is far from a natural politician. ![]() Yet Scott's re-election was no sure thing. His critics would say his win was based on his overwhelming financial advantage and the dominance of his television advertising campaign. Scott became only the second Republican governor to win a second four-year term in Florida. ![]() The pro and con medical marijuana ads reached a peak of 2,561 spots during the week of Oct. Proponents countered with a $1.9 million ad campaign, which resulted in 3,607 spots. Opponents of Amendment 2, which was defeated at the polls, spent $5 million and launched 5,595 TV spots between late September and Nov. The power of winning the ad war was also felt in the campaign for medical marijuana in Florida. The Illinois governor's race finished a distant second at $73.8 million, according to the CPI. It ran nearly 5,500 ads this year, all containing a negative message.Īt $95.4 million, and with more than three out of every four ads running negative, Florida easily led the nation in cost and negativity. Some 75 percent of the Crist ads were negative.Ī component of the Democratic advertising was done by NextGen, the environmental group financed by California billionaire Tom Steyer. More than eight out of every 10 ads running by Scott was negative - although some spots were technically "mixed" containing both a positive and negative theme. 1, meaning an average of more than 2,300 spots was running per day.įloridians also didn't need the report to know that most of the advertising was negative and nasty. It reached a level of 16,400 per week between Oct. It reached a peak, not surprisingly, in October.īetween Oct. Nonetheless the CPI report does well to illustrate the staggering cost and scope of the television ad war - which is always critical in the sprawling political expanse of Florida, which has 10 separate media markets.įloridians who own a television set probably don't need the report to confirm they were subjected to unprecedented bombardment of TV ads. ![]()
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